The test ends when the individual fails to reach the end lines concurrent with the audio signals on two consecutive occasions. The individual is required to run between two lines 20-m apart, while keeping pace with audio signals emitted from a pre-recorded cassette or compact disk. The initial speed is 8.5 km/h, and increases by 0.5 km/h per minute (Léger et al., 1984). The 20MSR test consists of one-minute stages of continuous, incremental speed running. The 20MSR test is simple, easy to administer and not too time-consuming, it requires minimal equipment, and a large number of individuals can be tested simultaneously. The 20-m shuttle run (20MSR) test, also called the ‘‘Course Navette’’, “PACER”, or “Multistage fitness test”, is probably the most widely used field test for estimating cardiorespiratory fitness (Castro-Piñero et al., 2010). Unlike the direct methods to determine VO 2max, in the above mentioned settings the performance score attained during cardiorespiratory fitness field tests could be a useful alternative. Due to the necessity of sophisticated and costly instrumentation, qualified technicians, and time constraints, the use of the directly measured VO 2max is limited in several settings such as in sports clubs, schools, or in large scale research studies (Pescatello et al., 2014).
#Beep test results table portable
Alternatively, due to advances in technology, today a portable gas analyzer can also be worn during a field-based graded maximal exercise test (Castagna et al., 2010 Silva et al., 2012). Specifically, the VO 2max attained during a laboratory-based and graded maximal exercise test is widely considered the criterion measure (also called “gold standard”) of cardiorespiratory fitness (Pescatello et al., 2014). Cardiorespiratory fitness is typically identified as the maximal oxygen uptake (VO 2max) reached by an individual (Pescatello et al., 2014). Therefore, cardiorespiratory fitness testing may help to identify a target population for primary prevention both in children and adults, as well as for health promotion policies (Ruiz et al., 2009).ĭifferent kinds of tests are commonly used to assess cardiorespiratory fitness. Additionally, during childhood higher cardiorespiratory fitness levels have been associated with a healthier cardiovascular profile in adulthood (Ruiz et al., 2009). Current evidence has shown how cardiorespiratory fitness status is an important quantitative predictor of cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality in healthy adults (Kodama et al., 2009). Nowadays, cardiorespiratory fitness is considered one of the most powerful markers of health, even above other traditional markers such as weight status, blood pressure or cholesterol level (Blair, 2009). Nevertheless, as in the application of any physical fitness field test, evaluators must be aware that the performance score of the 20-m shuttle run test is simply an estimation and not a direct measure of cardiorespiratory fitness. In adults the performance score only seems to be a strong estimator of cardiorespiratory fitness, in contrast among children the performance score should be combined with other variables. When an individual’s maximum oxygen uptake attained during a laboratory-based test is not feasible, the 20-m shuttle run test seems to be a useful alternative for estimating cardiorespiratory fitness. However, sex and maximum oxygen uptake level do not seem to affect the criterion-related validity values. The present meta-analysis also showed that the criterion-related validity of Léger’s protocol was statistically higher for adults ( r p = 0.94, 0.87-1.00) than for children ( r p = 0.78, 0.72-0.85). sex, age or body mass) were used ( r p = 0.78-0.95). The overall results showed that the performance score of the 20-m shuttle run test had a moderate-to-high criterion-related validity for estimating maximum oxygen uptake ( r p = 0.66-0.84), being higher when other variables (e.g. From 57 studies that were included in the present meta-analysis, a total of 78 correlation values were analyzed. The Hunter-Schmidt’s psychometric meta-analysis approach was conducted to estimate the population criterion-related validity of the 20-m shuttle run test. Relevant studies were searched from twelve electronic databases up to December 2014, as well as from several alternative modes of searching. The main purpose of the present meta-analysis was to examine the criterion-related validity of the 20-m shuttle run test for estimating cardiorespiratory fitness.
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